cardiolab logocardiolab

Anterior MI

critical
Distal LAD
72bpm
RR833QT378

Anterior MI — Distal LAD

Territory
Anterior wall + apex
Injury leads
V1–V4
Reperfuse within
6–12 hours
Prognosis
Best of anterior STEMIs
Core concept

What it is: The most common type of anterior STEMI.

Where the block is: The LAD is occluded distal to (after) the large diagonal branch.

Area affected: Only the anterior wall and the apex of the heart.

Golden rule: The block is far down the artery, so injury is strictly precordial (V1–V4) with no inferior reciprocal change.

ECG findings

ST elevation: Convex (“coved”) in V1–V4, peaking in V2–V3, with mild spread to V5–V6.

Key differentiator: No reciprocal ST depression in II III aVF.

This absence is what tells you the lesion is distal, not proximal.

T-waves: Upright, tall, hyperacute T waves.

R-waves: Poor R-wave progression or QS complexes in V1–V3.

QRS: Narrow / preserved.

The conduction system is supplied proximally, so it is spared by this distal block.

Diagnostic criteria

Diagnose STEMI from J-point ST elevation (STE) meeting these thresholds:

1

In V2–V3

  • ≥ 2.0 mm — men aged 40 and older
  • ≥ 2.5 mm — men under 40
  • ≥ 1.5 mm — women
2

In V1, V4 and other leads: ≥ 1.0 mm

Severity & prognosis

Territory size: The smallest of the three anterior territories.

Prognosis: Excellent — the best among anterior STEMIs, if treated quickly.

Clinical mantra: “Time is muscle.” Outcomes are highly favorable with reperfusion within 6–12 hours.

Recall checkCover the notes, answer from memory
1

Why is there no reciprocal ST depression in the inferior leads?

2

Which single feature localises the lesion as distal to D1?

3

What is the reperfusion window for a good prognosis?